T-square.



PATENTED JULYI'?, 1906.

E. G. HEATHGOTE.

T-SQUARE. APPLIOATION FILED APR.2.1906.

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EDWIN G. HEATHCOTE, OF LYNCHBURG, VIRGINIA.

T-SQUARE.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented July 17, 1906.

Application filed April 2, 1906. Serial No. 309.392.

To all whom, it may concern:

Beit known that I, EDWIN G. HEATHCOTE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lynehbur in the county of Campbell and State of4 irginia, have invented new and useful Improvements in T-Squares, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to T-s uares, and aims to provide in a manneas ereinafter set forth a drafting instrumen of such class to facilitate and form parallel'lines without the necessity of employing a square-edge support for the material upon which the lines are made, and is particularly adapted for use by traveling draftsmen or architects, so as not to place them to the necessity of obtaining "or using wsllilareedve support for the materral upon W ch theines are made, as when using a T-square in accordance with this invention it is not necessary to associate the edge of the support for the material with the T-s uare When drafting.

though the invention is particularly designed for use by traveling draftsmen and architects, so as not to place them to the inconvenience of always using square-edge supports for the material, yet it is also designed for use by any persons that find it applicable for -their profession.

The invention further aims to provide a drafting instrument of the class referred to which shall be simple in its construction, strong, durable, `efficient in its use, accurate,

.easily adjusted, and comparatively inexpensive to manufacture.

With the foregoing and other objects in view the invention consists of the novel construction, combination, and arran ement of parts hereinafter more specifically escribed, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein is shown the preferred embodiment of the invention; but it is to be undestood that changes, variations, and modiiications can be resorted to which come Within the scope of the claims hereunto appended.

In the drawings, wherein like reference characters denote corresponding parts throughout the several views,` Figure 1 is a top plan view of a T-square in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional detail on the line 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional detail on the line 3 3, Fig. 1; and Fig. 4 is a view of a modification.

Referring to the drawings by reference characters, a T-square in 'accordance with this invention comprises a stationary member 1 and a .reversible and slidably-adjustable member 2.

The stationary member 1 consists of a length of any suitable material having each' .member 1 it is essential to 'provide means to secure the member 1 in position, and such means consists of providing the member 1 at certain 11 oints through its length with countersunk openings 5, through which are adapted to extend the holdfast devices 6, the heads of said devices 6 being iush with the outer member 1 The h'oldfast devices 6 preferably are not employed when the stationary member is retained in position through the medium of the holdfast devices 4. The member 1 has its outer face provided wi th a scale with a double series of graduations, as at 7. The two series of graduations are employed owing to the fact that at times it is necessary to reverse the member 2, so that when said member 2 is reversed accurate measurement will be obtained. The side edges of themember l are square.

The member 2 is provided with a scale 2, similar to the scale u on the member 1, and is of any suitable'lengtii and constructed of any suitable material and terminates at one end in and centrally of a slide portion 8, superposed upon, straddles, and tightly but slidably fits the member 1. The slide 8 is slidably adjustable upon the member l and when adjusted toward one end or the other end of said member 1 carries the member 2 therewith. The slide 8 is formed of a air of side walls 9 10, which project above t e lane of the outer face of the member 1 and wlliich terminate in a top wall 11, having a plurality of square openings 12 13, the inner wall of each of said openings being undercut, so as t0 form a bevel to enable the graduations upon the member 1 being seen very distinctly when moving the slide to the position desired upon the member 1, so as to properly position the member 2 with respect to the scale upon the member 1. The inner edge of the opening 12 is in longitudinal alinement with The holdfast devices 4 are IOO lcs

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the upper edge of the member 2, and the inner edge of the opening 13 is in longitudinal alinement with the lower edge of the member 2.

The function of providing the slide 8 with the two openings 12 and 13 is to enable the member 2 to be reversed, so as to project from the member 1 in a direction opposite to that which is shown in Fig. 1 and also to enable the accurate reading of the scale, owing io to the fact that there are two series of graduations. The side wall of the slide 8 has a laterally-extending flange 14, and with this flange the member 2 terminates. At each end of the flange 14 an opening 15 is provided,

15 and extending from the edge of each of the openings l5 to the end edges of the flange 14 are the grooves 16 upon the lower face of the flange 14. The openings 15 and orrooves are each adapted to receive a flexible member :o 17, to which is attached a counterbalance,

(not shown,) and said member is adapted to extend over the support upon which the material is placed or over a suitable sheath, and the function of the member 17 and counterc 5 balance is to prevent the slide slipping upon 3o width as the flange 14.

the member 2 when working upon a vertical or inclined sup )ort for the material. The side wall 9 of the slide S has a laterally-extending flange 14, which is of the same The flange 14, as well as the flange 14a, has a beveled edge 14h, and upon each of the said beveled edges 14b a scale 14c is provided. The flange 14a is furthermore provided with a pair of indicating-marks 14d in alinemcnt with the edges of the member 2. The two flanges 14 14a, as before stated, are of the same width on each side of the sleeve 8, so that when reversing from right to left or left to right any small 4o prick-points made will not be covered bv either flange, and the scale upon said beveled edges will be of use when transferring work from one side to the other.

The inner faces of the sides of the slide 8 are square and conform in contour to the side edges of the member 1, and by such an arrangement the slide can be adjusted vertically upon the member 1-for example, if the instrument is flat upon a. support. This ver- 5o tical adjustment is provided in case there are four or five sheets of material upon the support and the length of the material is such as not to extend to the member 1,. It will be evident that the thickness of the three or four sheets of material will move the slide vertically upon the member 1 and which would not be the case if the inner faces of the side walls of the slide and the side edges of the member 1 were beveled. lf the instru- 6o ment is fixed upon a vertical support, it will be evident that the slide and member 2 would be adjusted outwardly, owing to the thickness of the plurality of sheets of material, and

ach adjustment will also be had in an outward direction if the support for the material is arranged in an inclined position. If the material is of such length as to extend under the member 1, there would be no adjustment in the manner as stated. If the material be of such length as to extend from both side edges of the member 1 and after drawing upon one side of the material and it is desired to draw upon the other side, all that is necessary to do is to reverse the slide, so that the opening 13 will be the upper of the pair of openings in the slide, and the member 2 will then extend in an opposite direction, as will be evident. This enables very readily an operator to continue in a convenient manner a line extending from both sides of the member 1 and also in a correct manner. The square edges of the member 1 permit of the ready shifting of the slide 8, so that parallel lines can be made upon the paper at various points thereof, the lines being very accurate, and owing to the fact that the member 1 can be attached to any flat support provided with any shaped edges it is not necessary for the operator to have a square-edge support so as to associate with the member 2, this function being performed by the side edges of the member 1. Oftentimesa traveling draftsman or architect finds it very inconvenient to obtain a support with a square edge or a drafting-board, and in some instances if the drafting-board is obtained the cost for its use is inclined to be expensive, so it is evident that a drafting instrument set up in a manner as stated will not re uire the draftsman or architect to be particu ar in regard to obtaining a support with square edges or a draft ing-board, for the reason that there is no necessity of obtaining a square-edge support, as the member 1 performs the same function as the square edge of a support.

In Fig. 4 a modified instrument is shown and which consists in providing a third member, so as to enable the drawing of lines at an angle with respect to either the upper or lower edges of the member 2. The third member is indicated by the reference character 18 and is of the same construction as the member 2 and is mounted upon said member 2. The member 18 has also a scale similar to that of the members 1 and 2. The member 18 is slidably adjustable and reversible upon the member 2.

It will be evident from the foregoing construction of drafting instrument that the parts forming the same can be easily set up in operative relation with respect to each other and when disassembled can be formed into a small compact package.

If desired, the member 2 or 18 can be eX- tensible, as it is obvious that such extensibility can be obtained by forming the said member 2 or the member 18 of a series of detachable or hinged sections, and therefore it is thought unnecessary to illustrate this modification.

IOO

.my invention,

' what'I claim as newand desire to secure by 1. An instrument of the character referred to, comprising two members extending at an angle with respect'to each other, one of said members provided with aV slide detachably mounted upon the other' of said members, said slide provided with a pair of openings, one of said openings having its inner Wall in alinement with one of the elongated edgesl of that member provided lwith a slide and the other of'said openings having its inner wall in alinement with the other elongated edge of that member provided with the slide.

2. An instrument of the character referred to, comprising a stationary member having a seat at each endto receive a holdfast device for retaining said member stationary, and a reversible and slidable adjusting member arranged'in operative relation with respect to 'the stationary member and provided with a slide snugly and slidably en aging with said stationary member, each o said members provided with a scale, and said slide provided with a pair of openings for exposing the scale upon the stationary member, the inner wall of each ofjsaid openings having its edge in longitudinal alinementwith one of the longitudinal edges of said adjusting member.

3. An instrument of the character described, comprisin a stationary member provided with asca e near each side edge and extending in the direction of the length of said member, an adjustable and reversible slide straddling and snugly and slidably engaging the side edges of said member and provided with a pair of openings for exposing the said scales, and a member extending at right angles to said stationary member and formed integral with said slide and provided with a scale near each side edge, one of the openings in said slide associating with one of the longitudinally-extendin edges of said adjusting member and the ot er of said o penings associating with the other longitudinally-extending edge of said adjusting member.

4. An instrument of the character described, comprising a member, countersunk holdfast devicesdisposed throughout the length of said member for retainin lit stationary, an adjustable and reversible s ide snugly and slidably engaging the said member and having each side .thereof provided with a lateral flange of a length equal to the length of the slide, and a member formed integral with one of said flanges and extending at right angles with respect to said stationary member, said slide provided with a pair of openings, the upper one of said openings in said slide associating with the upper of the longitudinelly-extending edges of said adjustable member and the lower one of said openings associating with the lower of the longitudinally-extending edge of said adjustable member.

5. An instrument of the character described, comprismg a stationary member provided with a scale, a reversible'and adjustable slide snugly and slidably engaging said member and provided with a pair of openings for exposing said scale, each of said openings having the inner wall thereofinwardly beveled and the outer wall thereof outwardly beveled, and a member having a scale similar to the scale upon the stationary member and terminating 1n and carried by said slide and extending at right angles with respect to said stationary member, said adjustable member having the upper one of its longitudinal edges associating with one of said openings and the other longitudinal edge associating with the lower of said openings.

6. An instrument of the character described, comprising a member, means for detachably securingv said member to a support, a reversible and adjustable slide straddling and snugly and slidably engaging said stationary member and provided with a pair of laterally-extending flanges, a member terminating in and carried by said slide and extending at an angle with respect to said stationary member, and said slide provided with a pair of openings with the inner walls thereof in alinement with the longitudinal edges of said adjustable member and the said members and flanges provided with a scale.

7. An instrument of the character described, comprising a member provided at each end with a seat below the plane of the upper face of said member, a. holdt'ast device mounted against said seat for retaining said member stationary` said member provided with a scale, a reversi ble and adjustable slide straddling and snugly and slidably engaging said stationary member and provided with a pair of openings for exposing said scale and further provided with a pair of laterally-extending flanges, and a member formed integral with one of said flanges, extending at right angles with respect to said stationary member and provided with a scale similar to the scale upon the stationary member, said adjustable member having the upper of its loi'lgitudinal edges associating with the upper one of said openings and the lower of its longitudinal edges associating with the lower one of said openings.

8. An instrument of the character described, comprising a member provided at each end with a seat below the plane of the upper face of said member, a holdfast device mounted against said seat for retaining said member stationary, 'said member provided With a scale, a reversible and adjustable slide straddling and snugly and slidably engaging said stationary member and provided with a pair of openings for exposing said scale and IIO of attachin further provided with a pair of laterally-ex# tending flanges, and a member formed integral with one of said flanges, extending at right angles with respect to said straddling 4member and provided with a scale similar to the scale upon the stationary member, said adjustable member having the upper of its longitudinal edges associatin withthe upper one-of said-o enings and thelower of its longitudinal e ges associating with the lower one of said openings, one of said flanges provided with an opening at each end to permit a counterbalanced means thereto and furt er having its inner face grooved at each end, said grooves terminating in the openings of the flange.

9. An instrument of the character described, comprising a member provided at each end with a seat below the plane of the upper face of said member, a holdfast device mounted against said seat for retaining said member stationary, said member provided with a scale, a reversible and adjustable slide straddling and snugly and slidably engaging said stationary member and provided with a pair of openings for exposing said scale and further provided with a pair of laterally-extending flanges, a member formed integral with one of said flanges, extending at right angles with respect to said stationary member and provided with a scale similar to the scale upon the stationary member, said adf j ustable member having the upper of its longitudinal edges associating with the upper one of said openings and the -lower of its longitudinal edges associating with the lower one of said` openings, and a countersunk means disposed throughout the length of said stationary member and inde endent of' edge provided with a scale, and a member terminating in one of said flanges and provided with a scale similar to the scale upon the stationary member and extending at right angles with respect to said stationary member, said adjustable member having its longitudinal ed es in alinement with the inner walls of sai openin s.

In testimony whereo I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDWIN G. HEATHCOTE.

Witnesses:

F. H. ABBOTT, H. W. BROWN. 

